NAMA :
DIO REZKY VITAMA
NPM :
12213590
KELAS :
1EA28
Direct Speech adalah kalimat
yang diucapkan langsung dari si pembicara. Kalimat
tersebut tidak diubah
atau ditambah.
Indirect Speech adalah kalimat
yang berasal dari kalimat langsung yang diceritakan
kembali dalam bentuk
yang lain.
A. Perubahan Tenses Dalam Indirect Speech
Dalam indirect
speech atau reported speech didahului dengan kata said, misalnya: I said,
Jack said atau They said. Selain itu, tenses atau bentuk waktunya berubah
menjadi bentuk waktu yang lebih lampau.
Perhatikan
tabel berikut :
|
Direct Speech
|
Indirect Speech
|
|
Simple Present
He said, “I go to bandung every
month.”
|
Simple Past
He said (that) he went to bandung every month.
|
|
Simple Past
He said,”I went to bandung every
month.”
|
Past Perfect
He said (that) he had gone to bandung every month.
|
|
Present Perfect
He said, “I have gone to bandung
every month.”
|
Past Perfect
He said (that) he had gone to bandung every month.
|
|
Present Continuous
He said,”I am going to bandung
every month.”
|
Past Continuous
He said (that) he was going to bandung every month.
|
|
Past Continuous
He said, “I was going to bandung
every month.”
|
Perfect Continuous
He said (that) he had been going to bandung every
month.
|
|
Future (will)
He said,”I will go to bandung
every month.”
|
Would + verb
He said (that) he would go to bandung every month.
|
|
Furure (going to)
He said, “I am going to bandung
every month.”
|
Past Continuous
He said (that) he was going to bandung every month.
|
B. Indirect Speech Dengan Perintah
Bentuk indirect
atau reported speech perubahan dari kalimat perintah biasanya menggunakan kata
said, told, dan ordered dan kemudian diikuti bentuk to infinitive.
|
Direct Speech
|
Indirect Speech
|
|
He said,”Go to school every day.”
He said,”Wash your face!”
The police ordered,”Walk on!”
The teacher said,”Don’t be lazy!”
|
He told me to go to school every day.
He told me to wash my face.
The police ordered me to walk on.
The teacher told me not to be lazy.
|
C. Indirect Speech Dengan Larangan
Bentuk indirect
speech perubahan dari kalimat larangan biasanya membuat mustn't tetap mustn't
tetapi didahului that + Subject dan diikuti dengan auxiliary dan verb
tanpa mengubah tenses (bentuk waktunya).
|
Direct Speech
|
Indirect Speech
|
|
He told me,”You mustn’t drive a
car without a driving licence.”
|
He told me that I musn’t drive a car without a
driving licence.
|
D. Indirect Speech Dengan Tanya
Bentuk Indirect
Speech yang merupakan perubahan dari kalimat tanya dapat dikelompokan menjadi
dua:
a. Indirect
Speech dengan Yes-No Question : biasanya menggunakan kata "whether".
b. Indirect
Speech dengan W-H Question : Biasanya menggunakan kata tanya yang ada dalam
kalimat langsungnya.
|
Direct Speech
|
Indirect Speech
|
|
He said, “Do you go to school
every day?”
|
He asked me whether I went to school every
day.
|
|
He said, “Where do you go to
school?”
|
He asked me where I went to school.
|
|
She asked, “When will they come?”
|
She asked me when they would come.
|
E. Perubahan Pada Adverbs, Articles, dan Modals
Perubahan dari
bentuk langsung menjadi tidak langsung juga mengakibatkan adanya perubahan pada
adverbs, articles, dan modals tertentu, sebagai berikut :
can --->
could
will --->
would
here --->
there
now --->
then
next week
---> the following week
shall --->
should
may --->
might
this --->
that
yesterday
---> the day before
|
Direct Speech
|
Indirect Speech
|
|
Can
He said,”I can go to school every
day.”
|
could
He said (that) he could go to school every day.
|
|
May
He said,”I may go to school every
day.”
|
might
He said (that) he might go to school every day.
|
